How to raise cattle well ?

In the process of raising cattle, it is necessary to feed the cattle regularly, quantitatively, qualitatively, Fixed number of meals and temperature at a constant temperature, so as to improve the feed utilization rate, promote the growth of the cattle, reduce the disease, and quickly get out of the breeding house.

First, “Fix feeding time”. Just like human, a regular life can ensure the physical and mental health of the cow. Therefore, the time for feeding the cow should be set. Generally, it should not exceed half an hour before and after. In this way, the cattle can develop good physiology and living habits, secrete digestive juice regularly, and make the digestive system work regularly. When the time comes, cattles want to eat, easy to digest, and not easy to suffer from gastrointestinal diseases. If the feeding time is not fixed, it disrupts the cattle’s living rules, which is easy to cause digestive disorders, cause physiological stress, and large changes in the cattle’s food intake, poor taste, and lead to indigestion and gastrointestinal diseases. If this continues, the growth rate of the cattle will be affected and retarded.

Second, “fixed quantitate.” Scientific feed intake is the guarantee for the best performance of the cattle digestive system running under a uniform load. The feed intake of the same herd or even the same cow is often different due to factors such as climatic conditions, feed palatability, and feeding techniques. Therefore, the amount of feed should be flexibly controlled according to the nutritional status, feed and appetite of the cattle. Generally, there is no feed left in the trough after feeding, and it is advisable for cattle not to lick the trough. If there is leftover feed in the tank, you can reduce it next time; if it is not enough, you can feed more next time. The appetite law of cattle is generally the strongest in the evening, second in the morning, and worst in the noon. The daily feeding amount should be roughly distributed according to this rule, so that the cattle always maintain a strong appetite.

Third, “stable quality.” Under the premise of normal feed intake, the intake of various nutrients required for physiology and growth is the material guarantee for the healthy and rapid growth of cattle. Therefore, farmers should formulate feed according to the feeding standards of different types of cattle at different growth stages. Select high quality premixes for cattle, and under the guidance of technical service personnel, scientifically organize production to ensure the digestibility of feed , Protein and other nutrient levels. Variety changes should not be too large, and there should be a transition period.

Fourth, “Fixed number of meals” .Cattle eat more quickly, especially coarse fodder. Most of it is swallowed directly into the rumen without full chewing. The feed must be regurgitated and chewed again for higher digestion and absorption. Therefore, the feeding frequency should be reasonably arranged to allow the cattle enough time for rumination. The specific needs are based on The type, age, season, and feed of the cattle are determined. The rumen of the suckling calf is underdeveloped and the digestive ability is weak. From the age of 10 days, it is mainly for attracting food, but the number of meals is not limited; from the age of 1 month to weaning, it can feed more than 6 meals a day; The digestive function is in the stage of increasing day by day. You can feed 4~5 meals a day; lactating cows or mid- to late pregnancy cows need more nutrients and can be fed 3 meals a day; shelf cows, fattening cows, empty cows and bulls every day 2 meals. In summer, the weather is hot, the days are long and the nights are short, and the cows are active for a long time. You can feed 1 meal of green and juicy feed during the day to prevent hunger and water; if the winter is cold, the days are short and the nights are long, the first meal should be fed early in the morning. Feed the meal late at night, so the interval of the meal should be opened appropriately, and feed more at night or supplement feed at night to prevent hunger and cold.

Fifth, ”constant temperature.” Feed temperature also has a greater relationship with cattle health and weight gain. In spring, summer and autumn, it is generally fed at room temperature. In winter, hot water should be used to prepare feed and warm water as appropriate. If the feed temperature is too low, the cattle will consume a lot of body heat to raise the feed to the same degree as the body temperature. The body heat must be supplemented by the heat generated by the oxidation of nutrients in the feed, which will waste a lot of feed, it may also be due to miscarriage and gastroenteritis of the pregnant cow.